摘要:微機(jī)繼電保護(hù)是一種檢測和保護(hù)電網(wǎng)的智能綜合裝置,它根據(jù)所檢測的電網(wǎng)基波或諧波信號而對電網(wǎng)起快速的診斷和保護(hù)作用,其中基波和諧波電壓的實時的、準(zhǔn)確的檢測是保護(hù)電網(wǎng)的重要環(huán)節(jié)。本文介紹 了d-q坐標(biāo)變換的基波和n次諧波電壓檢測的基本原理,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了一種預(yù)設(shè)d-q轉(zhuǎn)換矩陣頻率 的基波或基波的n 次諧波分量檢測法。理論分析及仿真結(jié)果指出,基于該種預(yù)設(shè)轉(zhuǎn)換頻率 的檢測法不會三相電路電壓發(fā)生畸變而受影響,且檢測結(jié)果也能實時的反映頻率和幅值偏移的變化,驗證了該方法的有效性和優(yōu)越性。
關(guān)鍵詞:諧波檢測;d-q變換;基波檢測;電力系統(tǒng)
A Harmonic Detecting Approach Based on d-q Rotating
Coordination Transformation
GUO Zhi-gang, QIAN-Qiang, LIU-Zou
(School of Communication and Control Engineering Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 214122, China)
Abstract: microcomputer relay is a kind of intelligent devices used for detecting and protecting power system. Whenever, it quickly calculate whether the power system is wrong or not on the basis of the fundamental and harmonics detected from power system, And according to the calculating results to obviate the troubles, among them, the fundamental and harmonics acquired accurately in time is the most important part of the power system protection process. The basic principle of d-q fundamental and harmonics voltage detection is presented and on this basis a fundamental and harmonics detection method of presumption the transformation frequency is put forward. The results of the theoretical analysis and MATLAB simulation indicate that the d-q method in this paper can precisely detect the voltage and frequency change of the power system in time, whether the distortion voltage or not in three-phase power system .
Key words:Harmonics detection; d-q transformation; Fundamental detection;Power system
1.引言
電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障時,信號中不僅含有工頻分量,而且含有多種頻率成分的諧波分量和非周期分量。而目前絕大多數(shù)的微型機(jī)繼電保護(hù)原理都是建立在反映基波或者基波某些整數(shù)倍頻的諧波分量的基礎(chǔ)之上,如變壓器保護(hù)中用來識別勵磁涌流的二次諧波分量法,發(fā)電機(jī)定子繞組接地保護(hù)中接地故障的三次諧波法,三相短路保護(hù)的基波法等 [6][7],因此從故障電氣量中提取出基波和基于基波的某一次整數(shù)倍頻諧波就尤為關(guān)鍵,傳統(tǒng)的提取方法是采用FFT(快速傅立葉變換)和DFT(離散傅立葉變換)法,但這些算法不具備濾除非周期分量的能力,而且還有一個周期的延時[2],并且要得到所測量的信號需要兩次變換,計算量大,實時性不好[4][5]?;谧赃m應(yīng)濾波的檢測方法有較好的檢測精度,但是響應(yīng)速度慢。而基于瞬時無功功率理論的實時檢測方法則很好的解決了這一問題,該方法可使電網(wǎng)中實際電壓的畸變不會影響檢測精度,而且具有快速的動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度。
本文在d-q 坐標(biāo)變換檢測法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種新的d-q坐標(biāo)變換檢測方法,通過預(yù)選設(shè)定 d-q 變換矩陣的頻率,從而不要鎖相環(huán)的電路即能準(zhǔn)確檢測出負(fù)荷電流的基頻分量。該方法完全實現(xiàn)了d-q檢測的優(yōu)點,不受電壓畸變影響,并能應(yīng)用于具有不對稱負(fù)荷的情況,最后用MATLAB/SIMULINK對改進(jìn)d-q法的檢測性能作了動態(tài)仿真分析,結(jié)果表明了該方法能很好的從電網(wǎng)中檢測出該電網(wǎng)的基波或者n次諧波。電壓檢測精度將不會因?qū)嶋H三相電路發(fā)生畸變而受影響
全文下載一種基于d-q變換的基波和諧波檢測方案的研究.doc