摘 要：介紹了用重力加速度傳感器進(jìn)行井斜實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量的方法，闡述了重力加速度傳感器的工作原理及其測(cè)量井斜的算法，從理論角度分析了實(shí)鉆中嚴(yán)重干擾井斜信號(hào)的因素——噪聲、鉆具的振動(dòng)和隨機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，其中噪聲和振動(dòng)信號(hào)可采用低通濾波器濾除，而轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)使加速度計(jì)因離心力產(chǎn)生的測(cè)量信號(hào)失真，則可通過(guò)諸如轉(zhuǎn)速補(bǔ)償之類的修正去除。經(jīng)專門(mén)的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置驗(yàn)證此井斜測(cè)量方法和信號(hào)處理方法可進(jìn)行較高精度的井斜實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量，為高精度的井斜控制奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
關(guān)鍵詞：自動(dòng)垂直鉆井；井斜；實(shí)時(shí)測(cè)量；低通濾波器；重力加速度傳感器
中圖分類號(hào)：TD174 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1672-4984（2007）04-0005-04
Study on real-time well inclination measurement
LIU Bai-yan， WANG Xin-yu， DU Yong-gang， ZHENG Deng-ke
（College of Machinery and Automation，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430081，China）
Abstract: This article introduced the approach to measure the inclination with accelerometer sensors dynamically during drilling including the operation principle of accelerometer sensors and the arithmetic to measure the inclination. The factors to distort the inclination measurement data seriously were analyzed theoretically, such as noises, the vibration and random rotation of drilling tools. Generally speaking, the noises and vibrations can be eliminated from the inclination measures by using low-pass filter, but the centrifugal force caused by drilling tool rotation, which will distort the accelerometer outputs, can be revised owing to the rotation speed compensation. The approach to measure the inclination and process corresponding information introduced in the paper are verified to be of high precision by professional experiment facilities and lay a foundation for controlling inclination during drilling with high precision.
Key words: Automatic vertical drilling; Well inclination; Real-time measurements; Low-pass filter; Gravity accelerometer
